70ME>N+l(q11H:4~w)"nku $e8@T@KCm  łX8" UMftD8 !C!!@!dD't%12directory of one of the partitions, formatted with a supported file system. See [CONFIG.md](CONFIG.md). ## BIOS/GPT If using a GPT formatted device, create a partition on the GPT device (usually of "BIOS boot" type) of at least 32KiB in size, and pass the 1-based number of the partition to `limine bios-install` as a second argument; such as: ```bash limine bios-install <1-based stage 2 partition number> ``` The boot device must contain the `limine-bios.sys` and `limine.conf` files in either a `boot/limine`, `boot`, `limine`, or root directory of one of the partitions, formatted with a supported file system. See [CONFIG.md](CONFIG.md). ## BIOS/UEFI hybrid ISO creation In order to create a hybrid ISO with Limine, place the `limine-uefi-cd.bin`, `limine-bios-cd.bin`, `limine-bios.sys`, and `limine.conf` files into a directory which will serve as the root of the created ISO. (`limine-bios.sys` and `limine.conf` must either be in the root, `limine`, `boot`, or `boot/limine` directory; `limine-uefi-cd.bin` and `limine-bios-cd.bin` can reside anywhere). After that, create a `/EFI/BOOT` directory and copy the relevant Limine EFI executables over (such as `BOOTX64.EFI`). Place any other file you want to be on the final ISO in said directory, then run: ``` xorriso -as mkisofs -R -r -J -b \ -no-the same index rather than the boot medium. * `partition` - The 1-based partition to chainload, if omitted, or set to 0, chainload drive (MBR). * `mbr_id` - Optional. If passed, use an MBR ID (32-bit hex value) to identify the drive containing the volume to chainload. Overrides `drive`, if present, but does *not* override `partition`. * `gpt_uuid` or `gpt_guid` - Optional. If passed, use the GPT GUID to identify the drive containing the volume to chainload. Overrides `drive` and `mbr_id`, if present, but does *not* override `partition`. To boot FreeBSD on a BIOS/GPT disk, point `partition` at the `freebsd-boot` partition. Limine recognises it by its GPT type GUID and emulates FreeBSD's `pmbr`: it loads the whole partition (`gptboot`) and hands off to it, rather than treating it as a conventional boot record (which it is not, as it has no `0xAA55` signature). ## Paths A Limine path is used to locate files in the whole system. It is comprised of a *resource*, a *resource argument*, and a *path*. It takes the form of: ``` resource(argument):/path ``` The format for `argument` changes depending on the resource used. A resource can be one of the following: * `boot` - If booted off PXE this is an alias of `tftp`. Else the `argument` is the 1-based decimal value representing the partition on the boot drive (values of 5+ for MBR logical partitions). If omitted, the partition containing the configuration file on the boot drive is used. For example: `boot(2):/...` will use partition 2 of the boot drive and `boot():/...` will use the partition containing the config file on the boot drive. * `hdd` - Hard disk drives. The `argument` takes the form of `drive:partition`; for example: `hdd(3:1):/...` would use hard drive 3, partition 1. Partitions and drives are both 1-based (partition values of 5+ for MBR logical partitions). Omitting the partition is possible; for example: `hdd(2:):esolution: `1x1` below 2560x1440, `2x2` from there, and `4x4` from 5120x2880. * `term_font_spacing` - Horizontal spacing, in pixels, between glyphs on screen. Also applies to the built-in Limine font. Defaults to 1. 0 is allowed; a value above 8, or one that is not a number, is treated as if the option were unset. * `term_palette` - Specifies the colour palette used by the terminal (RRGGBB). It is a `;` separated array of 8 colours: black, red, green, brown, blue, magenta, cyan, and gray. Ignored if not using a graphical terminal. * `term_palette_bright` - Specifies the bright colour palette used by the terminal (RRGGBB). It is a `;` separated array of 8 bright colours: dark gray, bright red, bright green, yellow, bright blue, bright magenta, bright cyan, and white. Ignored if not using a graphical terminal. * `term_background` - Terminal text background colour (TTRRGGBB). TT stands for transparency. Defaults to `00000000`, or to `80000000` when a `wallpaper` is displayed. * `term_foreground` - Terminal text foreground colour (RRGGBB). * `term_background_bright` - Terminal text background bright colour (RRGGBB). * `term_foreground_bright` - Terminal text foreground bright colour (RRGGBB). * `term_margin` - Set the amount of margin, in pixels, around the terminal. Defaults to `0`, or to `64` when a `wallpaper` is displayed. * `term_margin_gradient` - Set the thickness in pixel for the gradient around the terminal. Clamped to `term_margin`. Defaults to `0`, or to `4` when a `wallpaper` is displayed. Editor control options: * `editor_enabled` - If set to `no`, the editor will not be accessible. Defaults to `yes` unless a config hash is enrolled. Unconditionally disabled when Secure Boot is active and a config hash is enrolled. * `editor_highlighting` - If set to `no`, syntax highlighting in the editor will be disabled. Defaults to `yes`. * `editor_validation` - If set to `no`, the editor will not alert you about invalid options oЉʋ1Ή1߉؉x| ًp󋵰t1ȉ1ڋpƉ׋t1ˋ11ȉ1ډщˉыȉ1Ɖ1׉8<Ӌ1ȋ1ڋ1Ή1߉ $1؉1щϋtpщ1Ή1ߋ@DX\11ڒƋX׋\11ˉы1ȉ1ډщˉыȋ1Ɖ1׉؉X\ hl11ڒƋh׋l11ˉы1ȉ1ڋщ1֋d1ϋh`Xl\x|11ڒƋx׋|11HL񉍸11ډ1Ή1߉񋝠x0|4X\1ȉ1ڋXƉ׋\1ˋ1PT񉍠1ȉ1ډщ``dd1֋t1ωX\ًphl1ȉ1ڒ׉hl1΋1߉񉍘1ȉ1ڋщЉpʋt1Ή1߉؉hlًx|1ȉ1ڒ׉x|1΋1߉<@u]}]Ð.&E,@(\$U,@EA E.t&@@m v]ЋUMEU U CEЍAEP.t&ME @EM؉1} EEӉE@U@)ЋU@EoMظ1] ME1!É]ߋ]9vMȸ1UE]u ME!кE)M)؋]9G9G9EU(EE\Ef)Ћu؋Mȋ})u)9G9EEЉȋM9 <)ډ}ʃ"u UuEEUE؋E9EUЁfE,@$uEU,@EaB .t&OWm'zNlUX< :Qї? ,$~rGVSᣠ ^MPYX#^>3-.pzK5?6#2lXc똦AH|4Aߟ8C mF,06jcQ}R}`ЕiM ILxV[ӦUr^Iբt#6mN7'uT(%gбlQM;&X!򭞃G]+C|)-d<$\e<ȅQ_"X[ޗPܕЧaMq7Ցrskx.q AE^ ./M9g:[" cԸ<\9Y3:Y+on)L= >L~'çҪ,USە|ILw~KՍp '`sTm`5ܤ0vOQ)Bɠ?# ᆿt<V"ѷ5/S"' ۗ_(rh_ o J2Rl%ا[Y*8NE .w| dD nqqҝAp4 Č8cTx^AYU8z_mP<]IR@X/7e|[@ؽKe ŶxhmwGČUM;cf>ҺS`Cҥ#[BrUvW+ݛS֬궸#N-MYYhCZ (b?=ֆap/W+0U }DT*," ^L?b3?rojώjRhWhyw|[蟃_|t$L$ rc~u]F=wSl&,E؋EMF ȉE uM1E@}jY6Hf1! Of}uE;EseeEER}uDuU 9Ur)U)U)U)fDuZ;}#u1rfi61һE<r +U,s1<r,E!ցWr0بtܷ؈GVuE<EXEEEEܾ2"QE˃vðjY;@rVI)¯r!ImE9Er)E˃u"j^V^IutC]Y\ jr^\r6jYM ;X H]s ;]s]܋EEEE]4<M+ur,r$9s E)9w}u_)\s Fs  j^V^Iuj}uE;Eu1ۍVO9,<w)щs w1ۊF<wKwFtA)Єt"ˀP<XwR1Z1넀<yq9t#2Fƒ38ƒ38;El&D$ L$1QPUhlimine integrity errord n;0&AvQkkXaMP^!iܶG3l],nT;,A޶fPd.p%,,*?1m E BS1Yzd:$C{UEUȋ@94}@ @J9}dt|  t1M @ @@@?u)}΃}9Eȉ@@u]vG@@1D1 EEË@@ ؋@@ 9Mȉ@\ @9|@@|$ED$F$=?@ @_C}ȉEȉc&G@@1D31 EEƋ@ @@ @quЅ@ @9|@@D$EȉD$C$=?N@ @}_C{l1 pv h{ˋ|1󪍝~phhPVSj%薊oGSSjj4R1ҋ|p1Ép @,x-f@2ENx_XxRPp C/1Ky󤋵xVs p󪋅|`fEEhXfE⍅VPVPj 襉tQQVPh{DE9s\RPh#| fDžRPj!DC 1RPs jj4Sy1h1lRRlhH|E≅dY^s s3ƅxC|`}9Dž\sX{ +pt9ȉ\C|;d1t;CptC 1׹󪋅|f`fPPRj"ЇPPh]|jCPPhp|t95PPh|ӀxK1;sK 5WWPh|ƅxfDžQPRj!4t RRh9}cPlh|]E+te[^_]úPdtJu1ðU}WVSff4f0}f:9uffff9}f[^_]UWS0]1ع E$}PEPPjfcu~Cu䒨u)$ !d(tdPdu Ju?`tdt `tdttU+tηe[_]U1WVSLv1uu 1ۉ]܉]1WVRP肆E܉U؋Eܣh!Eأl!}QQjhM}ctP[wE܉EE؉Emx[uvut tHL1ۉΉ߁u;u}urEs}v@p% EEE1҉UЉEE؉EU#Eԉ1@B1U1EȋU}!)!=ҋw9uF=u)1Hu1E]ĉUMȉ]M9r .1EM+E]UU9r }ЉEUM\}u}t*Eນ61iM䙞6ʋMSQRPńEUEU}h!l!}aE$EԊEt)W$0EPhtPDž r<}U?q1Ӌ);C BCF $ pVVP\P=t $@X $it$ƃD 1S11ۍ QRP5HcD $J DHEED‰UӉEEԃ9MsNr1҉EEԉUĉӃ9MrSSjjEEȋUURPW6# H+PPjjEEȋUURPW6# t'1U+tXe[^_]UWV1S\E܋E UUM؋}܉MEEUUEE܉UW1@ U1҉EU;uEEMU QuuRP M]M;E؉]Ur1] vE+EUUEЋEUԋU);EЉ]ԋ]B؉CEԉ]ȉEPPu̍AuȋU܋MR AIEURPEPE0k" t u}!e[^_]UWVSd]ÍjhjjPR" Wjh0vP t:Vjh0v# Frequently Asked Questions ### Why not support filesystem X or feature Y? (eg: LUKS, LVM) The idea with Limine is to remove the responsibility of parsing filesystems and formats, aside from the bare minimum necessities (eg: FAT*, ISO9660), from the bootloader itself. It is a needless duplication of efforts to have bootloaders support all possible filesystems and formats, and it leads to massive, bloated bootloaders as a result (eg: GRUB2). What is needed is to simply make sure the bootloader is capable of reading its own files, configuration, and be able to load kernel/module files from disk. The kernel should be responsible for parsing everything else as it sees fit. ### What about LUKS? What about security? Encrypt the kernel! Simply put, this is unnecessary. Putting the kernel/modules in a readable FAT32 partition and letting Limine know about their BLAKE2B checksums in the config file provides as much security as encrypting the kernel does. ### What if a malicious actor modifies the config file? While this is a pointless effort on legacy x86 BIOS, it is a reasonable expectation to secure the boot sequence on UEFI systems with Secure Boot. Limine provides a way to modify its own EFI executable to bake in the BLAKE2B checksum of the config file itself. The EFI executable can then get signed with a key added to the firmware's keychain. This prevents modifications to the config file (and in turn the checksums contained there) from going unnoticed. Additionally, when UEFI Secure Boot is active **and** a config checksum has been enrolled, Limine enforces that all loaded files have BLAKE2B hashes in their paths, and disables the config editor. Enrolling a checksum is the explicit opt-in to this hardening; without one, Secure Boot enforcement is not applied. See [USAGE.md](USAGE.md) for details. ### I do not want to have a separate FAT boot partition! What can I do? It is `$year_following_2012` now and most PCs are equipped with UEFI and simply won't boot he bootloader. * `serial_baudrate` - If `serial` is set to `yes`, this specifies the baudrate to use for serial I/O. Defaults to `115200`, which is also the maximum. The minimum is `50`, and the rate must divide `115200` exactly, which every standard rate in that range does except `110`, `2000` and `56000`; any other value is treated as `115200`. BIOS only, ignored with Limine UEFI. * `global_dtb` - If set, use this DTB instead of the firmware-provided DTB for Limine itself, as well as for any booted entry whose protocol supports DTBs and the DTB is not locally overridden with `dtb_path`. * `default_entry` - Entry which will be automatically selected at startup. Can be a 1-based entry index (e.g. `1`), or an entry path (e.g. `OSes/Arch Linux`). Entry paths use `/` as a directory separator; literal `/`, `\`, and `#` characters in entry names must be escaped as `\/`, `\\`, and `\#` respectively. If multiple sibling entries share the same name, append `#N` to select the Nth duplicate (e.g. `Arch Linux#1` for the second entry named `Arch Linux`). If unspecified, it is `1`. On UEFI, a Boot Loader Interface `LoaderEntryOneShot` request takes precedence over this option, and so does `remember_last_entry` where it has an entry to restore. The persistent `LoaderEntryDefault` variable is consulted only where this option is not set. A value that does not name a bootable entry still counts as set, but disables autoboot (and shows the menu if `timeout` is `0` and/or `quiet` is `yes`): that covers a path or index matching nothing, and a path or index naming a directory. * `remember_last_entry` - If set to `yes`, remember last booted entry. Takes precedence over `default_entry` and over the persistent `LoaderEntryDefault` variable; `default_entry` applies only where this option is `no` or no remembered entry resolves. 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(For readers with access to source code, know that these are pulled in by the `./bootstrap` script, or, in the case of release tarballs, are shipped alongside the core Limine code in the tarballs themselves, similar to `./bootstrap` having already been run.) These additional projects are NOT covered by the License as contained inside the `COPYING` file as present at the root of the source tree, or, for installed copies, present at `${DOCDIR}/COPYING` (assuming the file has not been otherwise removed by the packager). These are instead licensed as described by each individual project's documentation present in each project's dedicated subdirectory or license header(s) in the source tree. For readers without access to the source code, one can read the following for a quick overview of licenses that Limine is distributed under: A non-binding, informal summary of all projects Limine depends on, and the licenses used by said projects, in SPDX format, is as follows: - [cc-runtime](https://github.com/osdev0/cc-runtime) (Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception) is used to provide runtime libgcc-like routines. - [Freestanding C Headers](https://github.com/osdev0/freestanding-c-hdrs) (0BSD) provide GCC and Clang compatible freestanding C headers. - [Limine Boot Protocol](https://github.com/Limine-Bootloader/limine-protocol) (0BSD) has the C/C++ header and the specification text of the Limine Boot Protocol. - [PicoEFI](https://github.com/PicoEFI/PicoEFI) (multiple licenses, see list below) provides headers and build-time support for UEFI. - BSD-2-Clause - BSD-2-Clause-Patent - BSD-3-Clause - LicenseRef-scancode-bsd-no-disclaimer-unmodified - MIT For more information about the ecurity reasons. This option will slow down boot time significantly. In the case of IA-32, BIOS or UEFI, this will only randomise memory below 4GiB. * `randomize_memory` - Alias of `randomise_memory`. * `hash_mismatch_panic` - If set to `no`, do not panic if there is a hash mismatch for a file. A warning is printed and Limine then waits for a keypress: `Y` continues the boot, any other key returns to the menu. Forced to `yes` when Secure Boot is active and a config hash is enrolled. * `measured_boot` - If set to `yes`, opt in to measured boot. Forced to `yes` when Secure Boot is active and a config hash is enrolled, and forced back to `no` if the firmware does not expose a TPM 2.0/CC measurement interface. See [USAGE.md](USAGE.md#measured-boot). * `firmware_logo` - If set to `yes`, restore the OEM firmware boot logo upon handoff to the OS, instead of leaving a blank screen, by clearing the "displayed" status bit in the ACPI BGRT table so the OS redraws the logo itself. The image is re-centred for the active resolution. UEFI only; defaults to `no`. * `keyboard_layout` - Specifies a keyboard layout to remap printable keystrokes to before they reach the menu and editor. Currently only `dvorak` and `azerty` are supported. If unset, no remapping is applied and keystrokes are used as-is. This assumes the underlying firmware resolves keystrokes as US-QWERTY; on firmware/keyboard combinations that already resolve a different layout natively, this option may produce incorrect output. * `mouse` - If set to `no`, disable mouse support in the boot menu. Defaults to `yes`, in which case, if a mouse is present, the menu selection follows the pointer, left clicking an entry boots it (or expands a directory), and the scroll wheel moves the selection. Using the mouse stops the `timeout` countdown, as pressing a key does. On BIOS this uses the PS/2 (or emulated PS/2) mouse; on UEFI any pointer device the firmware exposes. 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G{懶Jcb.#ۃR9!i];)ExqRF~4K -z_ale;tXzr1`k2]!)XmQ[ڸ4t S m:{@`hGBn_j:GSrmӀ|h"'t2xUdL!ų#WFNC=v6L [ UmJ#jqpWK&5[om"B!`V?YðY;O݁8hCbX8%*So~{JN ?9+>M7!@udd[8fP)i-]r ֌N2ixeh-YZTtW)n4b.XpZgm7B` K!߸sΔ՞$A422ޛºmdۉ$u38^YAd1{jIenׯtt,Ý 'w̵hsK7fhOC{"93_1`]:娦LB3^bV+xTT"~P ?_mPB.caА~d~SCC ZL -zx pAt|W|@~@@}@ @V9|SZF@@1D;1 EENj@ @@ @y@ @9|@uX@D$D$C$=?v@ @d @1ɺ@@u؍v@< @@||@@h@l11111މx1|Cp&@ @S9+1DT  @EENj@ ȋ ?)ω@ˋ\@|@A@;x|&1@@둍t&C@@1D>1 EENj@ @@ @y@ @9|@uXp@\$D$F$=?v@ @d @1һ@@u؍v=@ @@.&Yfl$Lh9@E+_ Ĭ[^_]Ë@@ptD3T3  t1 ? )ȉL@hx111ɉ=@r䉽d1߉|Cp`t&.&@@ @C9}nDT  t1 @ @@?)ȉ@‰lӋl@щ@<^t&C@@1D71 EEƋ@@ @@ @ @9|@@D$pD$G$=?@ @\D T | t1|8 Ƌ ׉|@~ v Dt&Lht2㋍ދ ؃?!ًLhuʋ t1@@@)щ‰@K@he[^_]U1WVSE܋E;p!Wu PPhvyekkuƀ!󥋰1E؉؉HX M]sEEk19rik 1Ë9rG;UEǁ1ۉK}19EsB9Er1'k Ƌ+EUERjhh:sPPhyj3 1j%j-jjhRPjh,jhhe[^_]UWVSE] M]t QPhzF}ʻڋUBӉֺCщ1ҁstRRhyji=t PPhy j1jjjjSQRP0e[^_]U1҉ RE Pu6U1ɉWVST!w6|p%}q'/8 ; %%OI͖Q#fB4<*aj'y@^ʺz[H*wof@,zT;$3` (h8$95y6}-O&N{8 oNtlDz"$BEpLlMtS wS7,$Ȝ.W(=A ?z,,X19\U"Z{.z@}^Dosaf Smǂ(-HQ5.bʡ-3䂕&5.jYO:\w;&{bdHʭj"?ad^w\|fSN?ܲ<`>T_Xoj3f?M[kaTkI3v={iB4%'ٵؚGo/ QXP’̢/=Y8`> Ok7pQHX`[257oNV\. 9T o*,t*"*tTwJd0W<3ʶ*!EVd|&LQJi9<h붲ۋp=y/2 ,ءB80@Y!0b۲"jRbSO8bUZRry7\}:t 6ƓHwUoD*wxQ>Vd0d\Kߋ쭐L &9 %~:XlPzaz{ ]`MĩZ%xׁY~jžTfnuZ#N@h8?˗L9XzRˌݥ Q{X_s"aJkQ(P,Y0 ^R׎:g5MD+ِVQ'ZXov{P4r[#uRIk2QSyXx :Ohwٻ~ $3??).jiCʨj#5WNkш a&ڲ)f`ƭ`'rJ`Ci՞5Aq}ȇ#l/B lWir[IB|NgrIg6丿2h,ܨ/FA8.7vmd,-B^ jnr3뷹ң۽AA߸X@GY 1Bf!ٶ1!ݍO_i?,cIY/؍'F%Z_w>gC,OV;P&(=s%%Wc\Z Ndh2o^(+\{10gR4@)<˕Lz*Tӧl8k=|zjJ6vb^ҹuj@|&73\ڜAAoPx25$xݛ6} w% q㽛Ra;v'k@w ;eI*]k.L,ޘs,j =GfGGEЈGE%^]E$@U,@Eȉ4@0@1fREfTEfVEu}ً]$@EȋU9M؉,@0@M=.t&G_>W @1ɺ@@&.&@> @@@@@; @1ɺ@@.t&@@ @@E8EȉU @1ɺ@@@ @@E@E8Uĉ@MċUU}Mԉ@@Eu1ƉXEȋM؃@UԋE@E@E<EuȉMU10ҋX1߉E؍CE@ @S9M1DT  @EEƋ@ ȋM ?)Ήˉ@]ލNMЉӉ@]]؉@MM0؉@X1MU(}FMЋ@@΃M.t&C@@1D71 EEƋ@ @@ @q@ @9|@uX@D$EȉD$G$=?v@ @gt& @1ɺ@@uՍv@@ @@E8.&M.&E E@CމEȉMА.&}@ @CU9~fD1T M @EENj@ ȹ?@ }Љ@)σ}Љ@@E_.t&C@@1D>1 EENj@ @@ @y@ @9|@uX@D$EȉD$F$=?v@ @gt& @1ɺ@@uՍvE8@ @@fӋ}Љ@]@@0ҋX1˄]t @EEx@CމEȉM.&}&@ @CU9~fD1T M @EENj@ ȹ?@ }Љ@)σ}Љ@@ E_.t&C@@1D>1 EENj@ @@ @y@, @@ 9M؉@l @9|@@D$ED$C$=?a@ @_t&^t&B@@1t31 EE@ Ƌ@@ lj@A@ @9|@uX@D$EȉD$C$=?v@ @gt& @1ɺ@@uՍv@ @@׉Ƹ8v @1ҿ@@!&E @@@UE@ @1ɺ@@&.&@1 @M؋@} EE։@@@)@Eо 4@U8@$@E0@,@>v@@\t&I]EЋU$@E0@,@ 4@8@u}]]ÐE(@$X$.U(@EE.t&@@։!}ЋUME:U U GEЍAE.t&ME @EM؉1} EEӉE@U@)ЋU@EuMظ1ۋ} MEË]1!lj}9~Mȸ1}EU] ME!}NjE})к)9G9G9EU$EEXEf)Ћu؋Mȋ})u)9G9HEЉȋM9 <)ډ}ʃ"u UuEEUE؋E9EUЁfE(@$uE}(@EdE .t&OW [%p] End of trace. pmm: Integer overflow in memory range calculationMemory map exhausted.Memory allocation overflow.Memory allocation failure.Memory allocations disallowedAlignment overflowConventional memory allocation failedpmm_free: Unaligned pointer %pext_mem_alloc: count overflows when aligningHigh memory allocator: Out of memoryext_mem_alloc_counted: allocation size overflowPXE installation check failedPXENV+PXENV structure signature corruptedpxe version too old!pxe signature corruptedpxe: Successfully initialized tftp: Failed to get DHCP cached infotftp: Invalid IPv4 address: "%s"tftp: Invalid MTU (%u), too small for TFTP headers tftp: Filename too long (max 127 chars) tftp: Failed to open file %x or bad packet sizetftp: Server requestedEs RRhsv:tztPPhvjBe[^_]r}܋MEUe[^_]u@r %9r11Ҁ8D9su@r%9stπ v)9ʺBUW1VSÃURRjhWVSu6 tDPjhvCP u <tu 1{uuލe[^_]U1҉SEXC RPsI jjSI]UWVSLEUEEUUEEUu1ҋ}@E1E1]ЋM;K ]ЋK]ԍى]K1ۉ]MMӉ]ċM9MMM;EEMEsM])MӉ]̋E+EȋUU9ӉC؉Љ]B1҉EQQuu؋E EURPu EЋ0 u RRhv=M؋E؋]E M])EԋEUutPPh wj9EUe[^_]UWVSE؉ЉUH Y!9)ʉ]r߉uuBCE11}vs{ums9urbt^;NtE܈B{ME܀"UtN4u܁vPPh*wjE؍sCtC)EËE뇄tE܋uTEH A!9s 1!v3K19t*}T!;tX.u 9s|!;t E؈Tҋ}1e[^_]UWVEUt:PPjj!I8PǺ< u sU+tx e^_]UWVST =}} EjjjhSg tƅQQhvSt1RRjj*I5Лt;uv PPjjHËt}CPwiubRR1RPHCXCZ1R1P} R PQ uQ1ҋCRPsgEЛЛC 'PjjSGE 1҉jjP0E?/uGCC` for command lines, `path: ` for the kernel image, `module_path: ` for modules and initrds, `dtb_path: ` for a DTB loaded from a file, `efi_dtb` for the firmware-provided DTB, and `limine_cfg` for the `limine.conf` blob. On confidential computing platforms each PCR index is translated to the corresponding Memory Reference (MR) register via `EFI_CC_MEASUREMENT_PROTOCOL.MapPcrToMrIndex`; the rest of the contract is unchanged. The captured TCG event log is published to the operating system via the `LINUX_EFI_TPM_EVENT_LOG` configuration table (for the Linux protocol), or via the TPM Event Log feature (for the Limine boot protocol). The following additional behaviours also apply, so that the PCR state at handoff is consistent across attempts: * Any panic halts the system unconditionally; there is no return to the menu, so a partially-extended PCR chain cannot be re-extended on a second attempt. * On the IA-32 UEFI port, modules **must** fit below 4 GiB. Firmware's `HashLogExtendEvent` cannot reach addresses above 4 GiB on a 32-bit firmware, so an above-4-GiB allocation would result in an unmeasured module. ### Reproducing the digests For an external verifier to recompute a PCR extend, hash exactly these bytes: For PCR 8: * `cmdline: `: the kernel command line bytes, without trailing NUL, i.e. `strlen(cmdline)` bytes. * `path: `: the kernel image's path string with any trailing `#` suffix stripped, withoy). A *sub-entry* is a menu entry started with a number of `/` greater than 1 prepended to it. Each `/` represents 1 level deeper down the tree hierarchy of directories and entries. Directories can be expanded (meaning they will not show up as collapsed in the menu) by default if a `+` is put between the `/`s and the beginning of the entry's title. ### Options *Options* are simple `option_name: string...` style "assignments". The string can have spaces and other special characters, without requiring quotations. New lines are delimiters. Option names are not case sensitive. An option's value is truncated at 4095 characters. Some *options* are part of an entry (*local*), some other options are *global*. *Global options* can appear anywhere in the file and are not part of an entry, although usually one would put them at the beginning of the config. Some *local options* work the same between entries using any *protocol*, while other *local options* are specific to a given *protocol*. Some options take *paths* as strings; these are described in the next section. *Global options* are: Miscellaneous: * `timeout` - Specifies the timeout in seconds before the selected *entry* is automatically booted (see `default_entry` option). Decimal values such as `0.25` are accepted, and the timeout is capped at `9999` seconds. If set to `no`, disable automatic boot. If set to `0`, boot the selected entry instantly, without showing the menu. A value that is neither `no` nor a number is treated as `0`. On UEFI, the Boot Loader Interface's `LoaderConfigTimeoutOneShot` EFI variable, where set (for example by `systemctl reboot --boot-loader-menu=`), overrides this option for the boot that consumes it, and the persistent `LoaderConfigTimeout` variable (for example from `bootctl set-timeout`) is honoured only where this option is not set. * `quiet` - If set to `yes`, enable quiet mode, where all screen output except panics and important warnings is suppressed.ˉыȉ1Ɖ1׉HLpӋt1ȋ1ڋ1Ή1߉8<1؋1򋵈щpϋtщ1Ή1X\1ȋ1ڒƋX׋\11PTˉы1ȉ1ډщˉыȉ1Ɖ1׉X\@Dhl11ڒƋh׋l11ˉы1ȉ1ډщ1֋d1ϋh`lx|11ڒƋx׋|11׋(,񉍸1ȉ1ډ1Ή1߉ىx| ًX\1ȉ1ڋXƉ׋\1ˋ1񉍠1ȉ1ډщ``dd1֋t1ωXX\\ًphl1ȉ1ڒ׉hl1΋1߉񉍘1ȉ1ڋщЉʋpt1Ή1߉؉h l$ًx|1ȉ1ڒ׉x|1΋1߉񉍨1ȉ1ڋщЉʋ1Ή1߉؉x|ً󋵰1ȉ1ڋƉ׋1ˋ104fxx\nfRG8}ffffffUVSÍd`xUЍ&.&@9ut A9t&.& A 9ut@9t@9u$L@ EEЍ&.&@9u$Ph KH@E+u `[^]JfffffUWVS,E䋈@U2@Ƌ @C9uFE^t&C@@1D>1 EENj@@ @@ @ @9|@u`@D$ED$F$=?v@ @gt& @1ɺ@@uՍv.&u@ @@@@U܉E.t&M؋}t-}܉ٸuۃ }у?!ًU1E؋} EE)@@É@,[^_].&DT  t1 @ @@@?E)ΉU܉ËE@@ t&E؉U܉uf.&E䋐@@U܉ELffffffUWVSÃ<@M@ @FU9CE؋E_F@@1D;1 EENj@ @@ @y}@g @9|@}Eؾ@t$D$C$=?2@ @`.t&u䋀@@N@1}uE؉U܉@@1@ @~9'SUa&F@@1D;1 EENj@ @@ @y@ @9|@@D$ED$C$=?a@ @_t& @1Ҿ@@&@1 @@}E@uE؉U܋M,.t&D3T3 1@ EE E؃0 U܋U܉@E@E؉@UЃ<[^ _]ÍD31T3 M @EENj@ ȹ?@ }䉓@)σM@M䉋@.& @1ɺ@@&.&@8 @@U܉E.&E؉UfU1 } t-}_,[^_].t&Et ]1ҋES11҃,[^_]ÍYuy}tuE!@Eшщى]щËEU É]؋E맍& EtE]upz]у}˃)ʍJ!M} )MM]ً] ˈ]TvEtE1EPE11.&EU.t&1 .&EtE̋U!EHE1f.&11&u̍B@])ى ủ׉1fU0}U]} uщ11ʉE1UʉD$3E3U)ȉD$ʉT$ M] 11)$T$]u}11)؋]u]UWVS,EUu} E؉U Љu? ts@t[׃)Ѓ?w'tQ@U)ЉEK.t& u ,[^_]ËU܅E؃ uփ 렍t&E?EMԉE1 MEEE1 MEE]܉u}Mȃ].&}ҋuӉ1 ӋU E ֋Ủu NjEȉ}Ή)1ۉ]]؉щЃMM!؉!)։Mԉu,[^_]̓$Ë$Ë $Ë$ffffffU]Eup$9)F D$1D$F$ 1ɉ4$T$L$]u]UWVSǍLE UM]Ex‹EE@P@9sl\t&)19ډBȉL$D$@$y'r CSCS֋9r ׉!.&)CS tx1ҋL$9CƉD$@$& u)M+L[^_].t&f11f.&91FFFFD$F$M$VFF$D$$#D$fffUHuu]EEE؋^vMQ I$)9‰E܉CEt@}D$1\$t$ 1D$U T$M $&}Gw}]u]ffUW1VSË+uhӁ;ʄӅg11󋵸Ή11׋x|11Ӊȉ‰pt]put؋u{TыSP1}1‰Љ5kAكӁ+rn<1񉝤1 Ή11׋hl11Ӊ`dUxM|Ћʋu}ыSX1‹C\1Љ5y!~[Ӂ6_:O1񉝔1Ή11Ɖ1񉽔1މX\ $pt1ȋp1ڋtƉ1񉽤1ߋ(,1ȉ1ڋщЉpʋt1Ή1߉PT04ً`󋵐d1ȋ`1ڋdƉ1񉽔1ߋ8<񉍸1ȉ1ډщˉыȉ1Ɖ1׉`d@xDً|X\1ȋX1ڋ\Ɖ11ߋHL񉍨1ȉ1ډщxx||1։1ωXP\Tًlڋh1։򋵰1ˋ؋Ɖ1񉽴1ߋX\񉍘1ȉ1ډщˉыȉ1Ɖ1׋PTƋΉ׋߉11Ɖ11މ0ދ41ȉ1ڋщ1։1hlP|Tڋxo@ @C9DT  t1 @?@)ȉƒȉ@Hډ@~^vC@@1D71 EEƋ@ @@ @q@O @9|@@D$pD$G$=?vd@ @d@؉ى@1҉@e* @1ɺ@@u@= @@vATvffffXfffffU(]]uu }1X|$D$$uFC$@1҉(@F@@&.&% ȉ% ȉ%3333 ȉ%UUUU ȉ41% ȉ% ȉ%3333 ȉ%UUUU ȉXB/ vXtt&.&.&ȁ3XX9u9u}؋]u]1ۋu؋]]fffffffUx]]=}4@ tNEt/E 3uE}؋E؃ $t&}11ҋ]]f.&8@}]]Éً]E9M؉$@Ủ,@0@u 4@E1ҋu}]]Ë8@u}]]Ít&@M؃&@ @UȍB9 D1T M @EENj@ ȉE ?@E؉Uԉ@U)ljEу@@Mv H}ԉ@EЋuЈE@@uȋX}̉E)@ @w9V&KMat&G@@1D31 EEƋ@ @@ @quЃ@# @9|@@D$E؉D$C$=?h@ @\.&@MЅ%@ @}ȍG9yMЋD;T;  t1@ ȋ@E@E ʹ?Uĉ@)׉@MEЅ@ H@EUĉƃ<@׉u}̉@@!@ @VU9u$SU`.&F@@1D;1 EENj@ @@ @y@O'" @9|@<XHE+t*Le[^_]UWVS}|E1U]E M-t uU+t|[^_]UWVS}d]]fEjjjhWS f}Ut1PPjjjhWS `EuVVjjjhWSw ;EuQQjjjhWSR EuRRjjjhWS- EaPPjjjjuVS }NTFS5PPjjjj6VS Pjh0vVNPPjjjjRVS tnPjh0vVQQjjjjVSu t=Rjh4vVPPjjjh8WSA t f}SU+te[^_]US ]]Su1!PPjjjhEPS tދEU+t]UWVSlE] EE1󫍕؍rX9G9 \1yTu Pt DžTPuu Ɖxu6׋Ɖ1u 4PDžTʉƉ1Ɖ׉s1 d󫍕dPPjhRS 1󫍕dPjPR8UEu}91uu dud扅ቕ1҉щu4Dž扅ʉ)u 1׉u u dщ uT扅ቕ1҉щu ,DžʉƉu1򉕸s9SPCT{CACAC A @ACQLqPyTAYAHRRQVu@X@Xx\ ` is the relative path of `limine-uefi-cd.bin` inside the root directory. For example, if it was copied in `/boot/limine-uefi-cd.bin`, it would be `boot/limine-uefi-cd.bin`. ## BIOS/PXE boot The `limine-bios-pxe.bin` binary is a valid PXE boot image. In order to boot Limine from PXE it is necessary to setup a DHCP server with support for PXE booting. This can either be accomplished using a single DHCP server or your existing DHCP server and a proxy DHCP server such as dnsmasq. `limine.conf` and `limine-bios.sys` are expected to be on the server used for boot. ## UEFI/PXE boot The `BOOT*.EFI` files are compatible with UEFI PXE. The steps needed to boot Limine are the same as with BIOS PXE, except that the `limine-bios.sys` file is not needed on the server. ## Configuration The `limine.conf` file contains Limine's configuration. More info on the format of `limine.conf` can be found in [`CONFIG.md`](CONFIG.md). * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice and this list of conditions, without modification. * 2. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products * derived from this software without specific prior written permission. 0:逛# ؎ffffUVփfEE1EE||jh˸؎ $"fjP1؎jh|fGf9fff ؎ "1؎D$D$D$   SVWUK؎ $"e16f&6f&ff]f_f^fZfYf[fX6f&6f&6f&fgd$(fPfSfQfRfVfWfUf6f&6f 6f "f ؎]_^[Ðsed for wallpaper image loading. - [libfdt](https://github.com/osdev0/libfdt) (BSD-2-Clause) is used for manipulating Flat Device Trees. - [pdgzip](https://github.com/iczelia/pdgzip) (0BSD) is used to provide the transparent gzip decompression layer for loaded files. Note that some of these projects, or parts of them, are provided under dual-licensing, in which case, in the above list, the only license mentioned is the one chosen by the Limine developers. Refer to each individual project's documentation for details. # Usage > **NOTE:** The Limine files referred to here are those contained inside > ${PREFIX}/share/, installed there as a product of the steps described in > [INSTALL.md](INSTALL.md). ## UEFI The `BOOT*.EFI` files are valid EFI applications that can be simply copied to the `/EFI/BOOT` directory of a FAT formatted EFI system partition. These files can be installed there and coexist with a BIOS installation of Limine (see below) so that the disk will be bootable on both BIOS and UEFI systems. A valid config file should also be provided as described in [CONFIG.md](CONFIG.md). ## Secure Boot Limine can be booted with Secure Boot if the executable is signed and the key used to sign it is added to the firmware's keychain. This should be done in combination with enrolling the BLAKE2B hash of the Limine config file into the Limine EFI executable image itself for verification purposes. For more information see the `limine enroll-config` program and [the FAQ](FAQ.md). When Limine detects that UEFI Secure Boot is active (the `SecureBoot` variable is set and `SetupMode` is not) **and** a config BLAKE2B checksum is enrolled in the Limine EFI executable, the following security policies are enforced: * The config file is verified against the enrolled checksum on every boot. Any mismatch will cause a panic. * All file paths (kernels, modules, DTBs, etc.) **must** have a BLAKE2b hash appended (e.g. `boot():/kernel#`). Loading a file without a hash rrors. Defaults to `yes`. *Locally assignable (non protocol specific) options* are: * `comment` - An optional comment string that will be displayed by the bootloader on the menu when an entry is selected. * `protocol` - The boot protocol that will be used to boot the kernel/executable. Valid protocols are: `linux`, `limine`, `multiboot` (or `multiboot1`), `multiboot2`, `efi`, `efi_boot_entry` and `bios`. * `cmdline` - The command line string to be passed to the kernel/executable. Can be omitted. * `kernel_cmdline` - Alias of `cmdline`. * `if_fw_type` - Hide the entry if the firmware does not match. Valid values are: `BIOS`, `UEFI` * `if_arch` - Hide the entry if the current CPU architecture is not in the space separated list of permitted architectures * see the `ARCH` macro in [Built-in macros](#built-in-macros) for a list of possible architectures * `if_loader_arch` - Hide the entry if the Limine binary's own architecture is not in the space separated list of permitted architectures * see the `LOADER_ARCH` macro in [Built-in macros](#built-in-macros) for details > **NOTE:** `uefi` and `efi_chainload` are aliases of the `efi` protocol > option. `bios_chainload` is an alias of the `bios` protocol option. > **NOTE:** BIOS chainloading entries will be hidden when booting using UEFI > and vice-versa. *Locally assignable (protocol specific) options* are: * Linux protocol: * `path` - The path of the kernel. * `kernel_path` - Alias of `path`. * `module_path` - The path to a module (such as initramfs). This option can be specified multiple times to specify multiple modules. * `resolution` - The resolution to be used. This setting takes the form of `xx`. If the resolution is not available, Limine will pick another one automatically. Omitting `` will